Scientific References for Information Used Throughout Our Site
Larsen TM, Dalskov SM, van Baak M, Jebb SA, Papadaki A, Pfeiffer AF, Martinez JA, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Kunešová M, Pihlsgård M, Stender S, Holst C, Saris WH, Astrup A; Diet, Obesity, and Genes (Diogenes) Project. Diets with high or low protein content and glycemic index for weight-loss maintenance. N Engl J Med. 2010 Nov 25;363(22):2102-13.
Hays NP, Kim H, Wells AM, Kajkenova O, Evans WJ. Effects of whey and fortified collagen hydrolysate protein supplements on nitrogen balance and body composition in older women. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009 Jun;109(6):1082-7.
Manninen AH. Hyperinsulinaemia, hyperaminoacidaemia and post-exercise muscle anabolism: the search for the optimal recovery drink. The British Journal of Nutrition (2015)
K. Dybka and P. Walczak, “Collagen hydrolysates as a new diet supplement,” Food Chemistry and Biotechnology, vol. 73, pp. 83–92, 2009.
Gelatin Manufacturers of Europe, Internet: http://www.gelatine.org/collagen-peptides/safety.html
Proksch E, Segger D, Degwert J, Schunck M, Zague V, Oesser S. Oral supplementation of specific collagen peptides has beneficial effects on human skin physiology: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2014;27(1):47-55. Epub 2013 Aug 14.
Oba C., Ohara H., Morifuji M., Ito K., Ichikawa S., Kawahata K., Koga J. Collagen hydrolysate intake improves the loss of epidermal barrier function and skin elasticity induced by UVB irradiation in hairless mice. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 29, 204-211.
Matsuda N, Koyama Y, Hosaka Y, Ueda H, Watanabe T, Araya T, Irie S, Takehana K. Effects of ingestion of collagen peptide on collagen fibrils and glycosaminoglycans in the dermis. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2006 Jun;52(3):211-5.
Watanabe-Kamiyama M, Shimizu M, Kamiyama S, Taguchi Y, Sone H, Morimatsu F, Shirakawa H, Furukawa Y, Komai M. Absorption and effectiveness of orally administered low molecular weight collagen hydrolysate in rats. J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Jan 27;58(2):835-41.
Liu D, Nikoo M, Boran G, Zhou P, Regenstein JM. Collagen and gelatin. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol. 2015;6:527-57. Epub 2015 Mar 23.
Ohara H, Ichikawa S, Matsumoto H, Akiyama M, Fujimoto N, Kobayashi T, Tajima S. Collagen-derived dipeptide, proline-hydroxyproline, stimulates cell proliferation and hyaluronic acid synthesis in cultured human dermal fibroblasts. J Dermatol. 2010 Apr;37(4):330-8.
Rubio IG, Castro G, Zanini AC, Medeiros-Neto G. Oral ingestion of a hydrolyzed gelatin meal in subjects with normal weight and in obese patients: Postprandial effect on circulating gut peptides, glucose and insulin. Eat Weight Disord. 2008 Mar;13(1):48-53.
Koyama Y et al., Ingestion of gelatin has differential effect on bone mineral density and body weight in protein undernutrition. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol 47:84-86 (2001)
Wu J et al., Assessment of effectiveness of oral administration of collagen peptide on bone metabolism in growing and mature rats. J Bone Miner Metab 22:547-553 (2004)
Nomura Y et al., Increase in bone mineral density through oral administration of shark gelatin to ovariectomized rats. Nutrition 21:1120-1126 (2005)
Moskowitz RW. Role of collagen hydrolysate in bone and joint disease. Semin Arthritis Rheum 30:87-99 (2000)
Sumida E et al., The effect of oral ingestion of collagen peptide on skin hydration and biochemical data of blood. J Nutr Food 7:45-52 (2004)
Morganti P et al., Oral Treatment of Skin Dryness. Cosmet Toilet 103:77-80 (1988)
Oliveira DR et al., Gelatin intake increases the atheroma formation in apoE knock out mice. Atherosclerosis 154:71-77 (2001)
Matsuda et al., Effects of ingestion of collagen peptide on collagen fibrils and glycosaminoglycans in the dermis. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol 52:211-215 (2006)
Prockop DJ, Keiser HR, Sjoerdama A. Gastrointestinal absorption and renal excretion of hydroxyproline peptides. Lancet 2:527-528 (1962)
Ohara H, Matsumoto H, Ito K, Iwai K, Sato K. Comparison of quantity and structures of hydroxyproline-containing peptides in human blood after oral ingestion of gelatin hydrolysates from different sources. J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Feb 21;55(4):1532-5. Epub 2007 Jan 25.
Veldhorst M.A.B. et al “A breakfast with alpha-lactalbumin, gelatin, or gelatin + TRP lowers energy intake at lunch compared with a breakfast with casein, soy, whey, or whey-GMP”, Clinical Nutrition J 28 (2009)
Mano H. Action Mechanism of collagen peptide on bone, cartilage and joint. 1st Symp collagen peptide. Tokyo, Japan (2009)
147-155 2 Rubio I.G.S., Castro G., Zanini A.C., Mederos-Neto G. “Oral ingestion of a hydrolyzed gelatin meal in subjects with normal weight and in obese patients: Postprandial effect on circulating gut peptides, glucose and insulin”, Eating Weight Disord., Vol 13 (2008)
Clinical studies: Gelatin Division, Research of Bio Matrix institute, Ingestion of Collagen peptide, Collagen. Report No.1, 2, 3, 4
Nakatani S et al. Chondroportective effect of the bioactive peptide prolyl-hydroxyproline in mouse cartilage in vitro and in vivo. Osteoarth Cart 17:1620-1627 (2009)
Meinert Larsen T. et al (Diogenes Project) “Diets with High or Low Protein Content and Glycemic Index for Weight-Loss Maintenance” N Engl J Med (2010); 363: 2102-13
Iwai K. et al., Identification of food-derived collagen peptides in human blood after oral ingestion of gelatin hydrolysates. J Agric Food Chem 53:6531-6536 (2005)
Ratnayake WMN et al., Influence of dietary protein and fat on serum lipids and metabolism of essential fatty acids in rats. BR J Nutr 78:459-467 (1997)
Hays NP, Kim H, Wells AM, Kajkenova O, Evans WJ. Effects of whey and fortified collagen hydrolysate protein supplements on nitrogen balance and body composition in older women. J Am Diet Assoc. (2009)
Zdzieblik D, Oesser S, Baumstark MW, Gollhofer A, König D. Collagen peptide supplementation in combination with resistance training improves body composition and increases muscle strength in elderly sarcopenic men: a randomised controlled trial. The British Journal of Nutrition. (2015)
Kobayashi et al. Ingestion of collagen in the course of daily life. 63rd Ann Meet Jap Soc Nutr Food Sci, Nagasaki, Japan (2009) (in Japanese)
Tanaka et al. Effects of collagen peptide ingestion on UV-B induced skin damage. Biosci Biotechnol Biocherm 73:930-932 (2009)
Koyama. Effects of collagen peptide ingestion on the skin. Shokuhin-To-Kaihatsu 44:10-12 (2009) (in Japanese)
Rose et al. Dietary glycine inhibits the growth of B16 melanoma tumors in mice. Carcinogenesis 30:793-798 (1999)
Noguchi T et al. Survey of dietary collagen ingestion (III). 64th Ann Meet Jap Soc Food Nutr Sci. Tokushima, Japan (2010)
Shigemura et al. Effect of prolyl-hydroxyproline (Pro-Hyp), a food-derived collagen peptides, on growth of fibroblasts from mouse skin. J Agric Food Chem 57:444-449 (2009)
Yin et al. Glycine accelerates recovery from alcohol-induced liver injury. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 286:1014-1019 (1998)
Chen, Peiwen et al., Lack of Collagen VI Promotes Wound-Induced Hair Growth. Journal of Investigative Dermatology , Volume 135 , Issue 10 , 2358 - 2367
Hays NP, Kim H, Wells AM, Kajkenova O, Evans WJ. Effects of whey and fortified collagen hydrolysate protein supplements on nitrogen balance and body composition in older women. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009 Jun;109(6):1082-7.
Manninen AH. Hyperinsulinaemia, hyperaminoacidaemia and post-exercise muscle anabolism: the search for the optimal recovery drink. The British Journal of Nutrition (2015)
K. Dybka and P. Walczak, “Collagen hydrolysates as a new diet supplement,” Food Chemistry and Biotechnology, vol. 73, pp. 83–92, 2009.
Gelatin Manufacturers of Europe, Internet: http://www.gelatine.org/collagen-peptides/safety.html
Proksch E, Segger D, Degwert J, Schunck M, Zague V, Oesser S. Oral supplementation of specific collagen peptides has beneficial effects on human skin physiology: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2014;27(1):47-55. Epub 2013 Aug 14.
Oba C., Ohara H., Morifuji M., Ito K., Ichikawa S., Kawahata K., Koga J. Collagen hydrolysate intake improves the loss of epidermal barrier function and skin elasticity induced by UVB irradiation in hairless mice. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 29, 204-211.
Matsuda N, Koyama Y, Hosaka Y, Ueda H, Watanabe T, Araya T, Irie S, Takehana K. Effects of ingestion of collagen peptide on collagen fibrils and glycosaminoglycans in the dermis. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2006 Jun;52(3):211-5.
Watanabe-Kamiyama M, Shimizu M, Kamiyama S, Taguchi Y, Sone H, Morimatsu F, Shirakawa H, Furukawa Y, Komai M. Absorption and effectiveness of orally administered low molecular weight collagen hydrolysate in rats. J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Jan 27;58(2):835-41.
Liu D, Nikoo M, Boran G, Zhou P, Regenstein JM. Collagen and gelatin. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol. 2015;6:527-57. Epub 2015 Mar 23.
Ohara H, Ichikawa S, Matsumoto H, Akiyama M, Fujimoto N, Kobayashi T, Tajima S. Collagen-derived dipeptide, proline-hydroxyproline, stimulates cell proliferation and hyaluronic acid synthesis in cultured human dermal fibroblasts. J Dermatol. 2010 Apr;37(4):330-8.
Rubio IG, Castro G, Zanini AC, Medeiros-Neto G. Oral ingestion of a hydrolyzed gelatin meal in subjects with normal weight and in obese patients: Postprandial effect on circulating gut peptides, glucose and insulin. Eat Weight Disord. 2008 Mar;13(1):48-53.
Koyama Y et al., Ingestion of gelatin has differential effect on bone mineral density and body weight in protein undernutrition. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol 47:84-86 (2001)
Wu J et al., Assessment of effectiveness of oral administration of collagen peptide on bone metabolism in growing and mature rats. J Bone Miner Metab 22:547-553 (2004)
Nomura Y et al., Increase in bone mineral density through oral administration of shark gelatin to ovariectomized rats. Nutrition 21:1120-1126 (2005)
Moskowitz RW. Role of collagen hydrolysate in bone and joint disease. Semin Arthritis Rheum 30:87-99 (2000)
Sumida E et al., The effect of oral ingestion of collagen peptide on skin hydration and biochemical data of blood. J Nutr Food 7:45-52 (2004)
Morganti P et al., Oral Treatment of Skin Dryness. Cosmet Toilet 103:77-80 (1988)
Oliveira DR et al., Gelatin intake increases the atheroma formation in apoE knock out mice. Atherosclerosis 154:71-77 (2001)
Matsuda et al., Effects of ingestion of collagen peptide on collagen fibrils and glycosaminoglycans in the dermis. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol 52:211-215 (2006)
Prockop DJ, Keiser HR, Sjoerdama A. Gastrointestinal absorption and renal excretion of hydroxyproline peptides. Lancet 2:527-528 (1962)
Ohara H, Matsumoto H, Ito K, Iwai K, Sato K. Comparison of quantity and structures of hydroxyproline-containing peptides in human blood after oral ingestion of gelatin hydrolysates from different sources. J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Feb 21;55(4):1532-5. Epub 2007 Jan 25.
Veldhorst M.A.B. et al “A breakfast with alpha-lactalbumin, gelatin, or gelatin + TRP lowers energy intake at lunch compared with a breakfast with casein, soy, whey, or whey-GMP”, Clinical Nutrition J 28 (2009)
Mano H. Action Mechanism of collagen peptide on bone, cartilage and joint. 1st Symp collagen peptide. Tokyo, Japan (2009)
147-155 2 Rubio I.G.S., Castro G., Zanini A.C., Mederos-Neto G. “Oral ingestion of a hydrolyzed gelatin meal in subjects with normal weight and in obese patients: Postprandial effect on circulating gut peptides, glucose and insulin”, Eating Weight Disord., Vol 13 (2008)
Clinical studies: Gelatin Division, Research of Bio Matrix institute, Ingestion of Collagen peptide, Collagen. Report No.1, 2, 3, 4
Nakatani S et al. Chondroportective effect of the bioactive peptide prolyl-hydroxyproline in mouse cartilage in vitro and in vivo. Osteoarth Cart 17:1620-1627 (2009)
Meinert Larsen T. et al (Diogenes Project) “Diets with High or Low Protein Content and Glycemic Index for Weight-Loss Maintenance” N Engl J Med (2010); 363: 2102-13
Iwai K. et al., Identification of food-derived collagen peptides in human blood after oral ingestion of gelatin hydrolysates. J Agric Food Chem 53:6531-6536 (2005)
Ratnayake WMN et al., Influence of dietary protein and fat on serum lipids and metabolism of essential fatty acids in rats. BR J Nutr 78:459-467 (1997)
Hays NP, Kim H, Wells AM, Kajkenova O, Evans WJ. Effects of whey and fortified collagen hydrolysate protein supplements on nitrogen balance and body composition in older women. J Am Diet Assoc. (2009)
Zdzieblik D, Oesser S, Baumstark MW, Gollhofer A, König D. Collagen peptide supplementation in combination with resistance training improves body composition and increases muscle strength in elderly sarcopenic men: a randomised controlled trial. The British Journal of Nutrition. (2015)
Kobayashi et al. Ingestion of collagen in the course of daily life. 63rd Ann Meet Jap Soc Nutr Food Sci, Nagasaki, Japan (2009) (in Japanese)
Tanaka et al. Effects of collagen peptide ingestion on UV-B induced skin damage. Biosci Biotechnol Biocherm 73:930-932 (2009)
Koyama. Effects of collagen peptide ingestion on the skin. Shokuhin-To-Kaihatsu 44:10-12 (2009) (in Japanese)
Rose et al. Dietary glycine inhibits the growth of B16 melanoma tumors in mice. Carcinogenesis 30:793-798 (1999)
Noguchi T et al. Survey of dietary collagen ingestion (III). 64th Ann Meet Jap Soc Food Nutr Sci. Tokushima, Japan (2010)
Shigemura et al. Effect of prolyl-hydroxyproline (Pro-Hyp), a food-derived collagen peptides, on growth of fibroblasts from mouse skin. J Agric Food Chem 57:444-449 (2009)
Yin et al. Glycine accelerates recovery from alcohol-induced liver injury. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 286:1014-1019 (1998)
Chen, Peiwen et al., Lack of Collagen VI Promotes Wound-Induced Hair Growth. Journal of Investigative Dermatology , Volume 135 , Issue 10 , 2358 - 2367
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